• Historical Perspectives
• Understanding Race, Ethnicity, and Racism
• Health Equity
• Education
• Advocacy
• Community
• Current Research
• Global Research

• Videos/Grand Rounds

Historical Perspectives

Articles:

• Davis DA.  Reproducing while Black: the Crisis of Black Maternal Health, Obstetric Racism, and Assisted Reproductive Technology. Reproductive Biomedicine and Society Online. 2020, 11:56-64.
• Eichelberger KY, Doll K, Ekpo GE, Zerden ML. Black Lives Matter: Claiming a Space for Evidence-Based Outrage in Obstetrics and Gynecology. American Journal of Public Health. 2016.
• Kaupp-Roberts S. Out of the Shadows: the Legacy of Racism in Obstetrics and Gynecology. BMJ. 2020: 371.
• Mengesha B; 53 current fellows in the Fellowship in Family Planning. Racial Injustice and Family Planning: an Open Letter to Our Community. Contraception. 2017, 96 (4):217-220.

Books:

• Dana-Ain Davis, Reproductive Injustice: Racism, Pregnancy, and Premature Birth (2019).
• Dayna Bowen Matthew, Just Medicine: a Cure for Racial Inequality in American Health-Care (2015).
• Deirdre Cooper Owens, Medical Bondage: Race, Gender, and the Origins of American Gynecology (2017).
• Dorothy Roberts, Fatal Intervention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-First Century (2011).
• Dorothy Roberts, Killing the Black Body: Race Reproduction and the Meaning of Liberty (2014). 
• Harriet Washington, Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to Present (2006). 
• Karen T. Craddock, Black motherhood(s): contours, contexts, and considerations (2015).
• Khiara M. Bridges, Reproducing Race an Ethnography of Pregnancy as Site of Racialization (2011).
• Shatema Threadcraft, Intimate Justice: the Black Female Body and the Body Politic (2017).

Understanding Race, Ethnicity, and Racism

Books:

• Cathy Park Hong, Minor Feelings: An Asian American Reckoning (2020). 
• Derald Wing Sue, Race Talk and the Conspiracy of Silence: Understanding and Facilitating Difficult Dialogues on Race (2015).
• Ellen D. Wu, The Color of Success: Asian Americans and the Origins of the Model Minority (2014). 
• Erika Lee, The Making of Asian America: A History (2015). 
• Fatimah Asghar, If They Come For Us (2018).
• Harriet A. Washington, A Terrible Thing to Waste: Environmental Racism and Its Assault on the American Mind (2019).
• Heather McGhee, The Sum of Us: What Racism Costs and How We Can Prosper Together (2021). 
• James Hannaham, Delicious Foods (2015).
• Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor, From #BlackLivesMatter to Black Liberation (2021).
• Revolutionary Mothering: Love on the Front Lines (2016).
• Richard Rothstein, The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America (2017). 
• Vivek Bald, Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian America (2013). 
• Yaa Gyasi, Homegoing (2016). 

Health Equity

Articles:

• ACOG Committee Opinion No. 729 Summary: Importance of Social Determinants of Health and Cultural Awareness in the Delivery of Reproductive Health Care. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2018, 131(1):198-199.
• Ethical Issues With Vaccination in Obstetrics and Gynecology: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary Number 829. 2021
• Fan LL, Sheth SS, Pettker CM. Pilot Implementation of a Health Equity Checklist to Improve the Identification of Equity-Related Adverse Events. Obstet Gynecol. 2022;140(4):667-673.
• Hirschhorn LR, Magge H, Kiflie A. Aiming beyond equality to reach equity: the promise and challenge of quality improvement. BMJ. 2021;374:n939.
• Howell EA, Brown H, Brumley J, et al. Reduction of Peripartum Racial and Ethnic Disparities: A Conceptual Framework and Maternal Safety Consensus Bundle. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(5):770-782.
• Joseph KS, Boutin A, Lisonkova S, et al. Maternal Morality in the United States: Recent Trends, Current Status, and Future Considerations. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2021, 137(5):763-771
• Lion KC, Faro EZ, Coker TR. All Quality Improvement Is Health Equity Work: Designing Improvement to Reduce Disparities. Pediatrics. 2022;149(Suppl 3):e2020045948E.
• Kumar NR, Borders A, Simon MA.  Postpartum Medicaid Extension to Address Racial Inequity in Maternal Morality. American Journal of Public Health. 2021
• O'Kane M, Agrawal S, Binder L, et al. An Equity Agenda for the Field of Health Care Quality Improvement. NAM Perspect. 2021;2021:10.31478/202109b. 
• Reproductive Health Care for Incarcerated Pregnant, Postpartum, and Nonpregnant Individuals: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary, Number 830. 2021.
• Ringel NE, Brown O, Moore KJ, Carey ET, Dieter AA. Disparities in Complications After Prolapse Repair and Sling Procedures: Trends From 2010-2018. Urology. 2022 Feb;160:81-86. 
• Temkin SM, Rimel BJ, Bruegl AS, Gunderson CC, Beavis AL, Doll KM. A Contemporary Framework of Health Equity Applied to Gynecologic Cancer Care: a Society of Gynecologic Oncology Evidence-Based Review. Gynecologic Oncology. 2018, 149(1):70-77.

Education

Articles:

• Ackerman-Barger K, Jacobs NN. The Microaggressions Triangle Model: A Humanistic Approach to Navigating Microaggressions in Health Professions Schools. Acad Med. 2020 Dec;95(12S Addressing Harmful Bias and Eliminating Discrimination in Health Professions Learning Environments):S28-S32. 
• Buery-Joyner SD, Baecher-Lind L, Clare CA, Hampton BS, Moxley MD, Ogunyemi D, Pradhan AA, Madani Sims SM, Whetstone S, Woodland MB, Katz NT. Educational guidelines for diversity and inclusion: addressing racism and eliminating biases in medical education. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023 Feb;228(2):133-139. 
• Peck CJ, Roberts SE, Ly CL, Hsia HC, Aarons CB, Guerra CE, Butler PD. Embracing Allyship in Academic Surgery: How All Surgeons Can Become Effective Champions for Change. J Am Coll Surg. 2022 Aug 1;235(2):371-374.
• Whetstone S. Reflections of a Black Program Director. N Engl J Med. 2023 Feb 16;388(7):e18.

Advocacy

Articles:

• Smith B. Reproductive Justice:a Policy Window for Social Work Advocacy. Social Work. 2017, 62(3):221-226.
• Ghandakly EC, Fabi R. Sterilization in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE's) Detention: Ethical Failures and Systemic Injustice. American Journal of Public Health. 2021.
• Lawmakers, CT Planned Parenthood speak out after president's rollback of free birth control coverage. Eyewitness News. 2017.

Books:

• Rickie Solinger. Reproductive Politics What Everyone Needs to Know (2013).

Reports:

• United States. Congress. House. Birthing while Black: examining American's Black maternal health crisis: hearing before the Committee on Oversight and Reform, House of Representatives One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, first session, May 6, 2021.

Community

Articles:

• Carlesso J. House Passes Bill Banning Deceptive Practices by Faith-Based Pregnancy Centers. New Haven Register. 2021: A005.
• Carlesso J. Report: Connecticut Must Improve Health Care Data Collection on Race and Ethnicity. Ct Mirror. 2021.
• Cross JJ, Arora A, Howell B, et al.. Neighbourhood Walking Tours for Physicians-in-Trainings. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2020.
• Ferreira S. Connecticut's Code Blue: Addressing Black Maternal Health Crisis, How to be an Advocate. New8WTNH.
• Lambert B. Connecticut women report pregnancy discrimination; State cases highlighted as Elizabeth Warren sparks national dialogue. New Haven Register. 2019: A001.
• Heubeck E and Connecticut Health I-Team Writer. Strategic Outreach Bridging Racial Gap in Pregnancy-Related Health Outcomes. Hartford Courant. 2018.
• New Haven; 130K in grants awarded to LGBTQIA+ group. New Haven Register. 2019: A007.
• Srinivaasan S. Yale Study Aims to Help Pregnant Women Struggling with Opioid Addiction. New Haven Register. 2021: A006.
• YNHHS Named to DiversityInc's Top Hospitals & Health Systems top 10 list. The Bulletin. 2020.

Current Research

Articles:

• McNamara BC, Cutler A, Lundsberg L, Kennedy HP, Gariepy A. I'm Used to Doing It By Myself: Exploring Self Reliance in Pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2018.
• Chaney C, Lopez M, Wiley KS, Meyer C, Valeggia C. Systematic review of Chronic Discrimination and Changes in Biology During Pregnancy Among African American Women. Journal of the Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 2019. 6:1208-1217.
• Minkoff H. You Don't Have to Be Infected to Suffer: COVID-19 and Racial Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity and Morality. Americna Journal Perinatology. 2020, 37(10):1052-1054.
• Namazi M, Sadeghi R, Behboodi Moghadam Z. Social Determinants of Health in Menopause: an Integrative Review. International Journal of Women's Health. 2019, (11):637-647.
• Mehra R, Boyd LM, Magriples U, Kershaw TS, Ickovics JR, Keene DE. Black Pregnant Women "Get Most Judgement": a Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Black Women at the Intersection of Race, Gender, and Pregnancy. Women's Health Issues. 2020, 30(6):484-492.
• Nguyen TT, Adams N, Huang D, Glymour MM, Allen AM, Nguyen QC. The Association Between State-Level Racial Attitudes Assessed from Twitter Data and Adverse Birth Outcomes: Observational Study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2020, 6(3)e17103.

Global Research

Articles:

• Demétrio F, Teles CAS, Santos DBD, Pereira M. Food Insecurity in Pregnant Women is Associated with Social Determinants and Nutritional Outcomes: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.  Cienca & Saude Coletiva. 2020, 25(7).
• Davis R. Learning Across Boundaries to End Preventable Maternal Deaths. Yale Medicine 2019.
• Nagata J. Global Health Priorities and the Adolescent Birth Rate. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2017, 60(2):131-132.

Videos/Grand Rounds

• Yale Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, DEI Grand Rounds.
• Contemporary OB/GYN. Overcoming Racism and Unconscious Bias in OB/GYN Practice. 2020.
• Hall Center. Medical Bondage: Race, Gender, and the Origins of American Gynecology. Deirdre Cooper. 2020.
• University of Wisconsin, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Han Cun, MD The Face of My OBGYN: Why Diversity Matters. 2019.
• Washington Regional Association of Grantmakers. Expanding the Table for Racial Equity #4: Implicit Bias - Dr. Patricia Devine & Dr. Will Cox. 2018.

We thank our YSM colleagues for compiling additional resources that address issues of racism and inequities across medicine:

• Race and Racism in Medicine
• Infectious Diseases Section Diversity Equity and Anti-racism Roadmap 
• Social Justice and Health Equity Curriculum Yale Psychiatry residency program
• Racial Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion resources Yale Child Study Center