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Yale and Slavery: 19th Century Sources

Bibliographic list of source materials on Yale and slavery.

19th Century Sources

In addition to manuscript collections covering a broad range of people and topics, sources for the 19th century are organized around the following subjects: moderate antislavery, colonization, and anti-abolitionism at Yale and in New Haven; the Black and radical abolitionist movement, including the effort to establish a college for Black men in New Haven in 1831; the Amistad affair; the city of New Haven; and Yale in the Civil War. For further references, see Yale and Slavery: A History by David W. Blight with the Yale and Slavery Research Project (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2024).

Amistad

William H. Townsend, Sketches of the Amistad Captives (1839-1840) (GEN MSS 335)

John W. Barber, A History of the Amistad Captives (1840)

Baldwin Family Papers (MS 55)

John Pitkin Norton Papers (MS 367)

Marcus Rediker, The Amistad Rebellion: An Atlantic Odyssey of Slavery and Freedom (2012)

Howard Jones, Mutiny on the Amistad: The Saga of a Slave Revolt and its Impact on American Abolition, Law, and Diplomacy (1987)

Joseph Yannielli, “The Mendi Mission: Africa and the American Abolition Movement” (PhD diss., Yale University, 2015)

Black Abolitionism

Jacob Oson, A Search for Truth, or an Inquiry for the Origin of the African Nation (1817)

Constitution of the African Improvement Society of New-Haven, 182-?

Bias Stanley Papers, 1796-1854, in Connecticut legal documents collection, 1744-1866

GEN MSS 1294

  • Box 3

William Grimes, Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave, Written by Himself (1825)

David Walker’s Appeal, in Four Articles (1829)

Amos Gerry Beman scrapbooks, 1830-58

College for Colored Youth: An Account of the New-Haven City Meeting and Resolutions (1831)

Minutes and Proceedings of the First Annual Convention of the People of Colour (1831)

"Letter from Simeon Smith Jocelyn, New Haven [Connecticut] to William Lloyd Garrison" (1831 May)

"Letter from Simeon Smith Jocelyn, New Haven [Connecticut] to William Lloyd Garrison" (1831 September)

"Minutes and Proceedings of the Second Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Colour" (1832)

Ann Plato, Essays: Including Biographies and Miscellaneous Pieces in Prose and Poetry [introduction by James W. C. Pennington]

James W. C. Pennington, A Textbook of the Origin and History of the Colored People (1841)

J. W. C. Pennington, A sermon delivered ... on Thanksgiving Day, Nov. 17th, 1842

J. W. C. Pennington, A two years’ absence; or, A farewell sermon, preached ... Nov. 2d, 1845.

James W. C. Pennington, The Fugitive Blacksmith, or, Events in the History of James W. C. Pennington (1850)

William Grimes, Life of William Grimes, the Runaway Slave: Brought Down to the Present Time, Written by Himself (1855)

William Andrews and Regina Mason, eds., Life of William Grimes

Secondary Sources

Rajani Sudan, "Connecting Lives: Elihu Yale and the British East India Company" (book chapter)

Guocun Yang. "From Slavery to Emancipation: The African Americans of Connecticut" (dissertation)

Robert Forbes, "Grating the Nutmeg: Slavery and Racism in Connecticut from the Colonial Era to the Civil War" (journal article)

Mary H. Mitchell, "Slavery in Connecticut and Especially in New Haven" (journal article)

Rhoesmary R. Williams, "Demonizing, Dehumanizing, and Whitewashing: Linguistic Examination of The Connecticut Courant's Coverage of Slavery" (master's thesis)

Alison Freehling, "All in the Family? The Master-Slave Relationship in Colonial Connecticut" (Yale senior essay - used with permission)

George C. Groce, Jr., "Benjamin Gale" (journal article)

Kenneth Minkema, "Jonathan Edwards's Defense of Slavery" (journal article)

Kenneth Minkema and Harry S. Stout, "The Edwardsean Tradition and the Antislavery Debate, 1740-1865" (journal article)

Kenneth Minkema, "Jonathan Edwards on Slavery and the Slave Trade" (journal article)

Joseph Yannielli, "Elihu Yale was a Slave Trader" (blog post)

James D. Essig, "Connecticut Ministers and Slavery, 1790-1795" (journal article)

David Menschel, "Abolition Without Deliverance: The Law of Connecticut of Slavery, 1784-1848" (journal article)

Jackson Turner Main, "Society and Economy in Colonial Connecticut" (book chapter)

Bernette Mosley-Dozier, "Slavery in the State of Connecticut" (journal article)

Gwendolyn Evans Logan, "The Slave in Connecticut During the American Revolution" (journal article)

Lorenzo J. Greene, "Slave-Holding New England and Its Awakening" (journal article)

James Brewer Stewart, "The New Haven Negro College and the Meanings of Race in New England, 1776-1870" (journal article)

Chauncey W. Fowler, The Historical Status of the Negro in Connecticut(1901)

Lorenzo Johnston Greene, The Negro in Colonial New England (1942)

Barbara W. Brown and James M. Rose, Black Roots in Southeastern Connecticut, 1650-1900 (1980)

Joseph Avitable, “The Atlantic World Economy and Colonial Connecticut” (PhD diss., University of Rochester, 2009)

Eric Kimball, “An Essential Link in a Vast Chain: New England and the West Indies, 1700-1775” (PhD diss., University of Pittsburgh, 2009)

Craig Steven Wilder, Ebony & Ivy: Race, Slavery, and the Troubled History of America’s Universities (2013)

Elizabeth J. Normen et al., eds., African American Connecticut Explored (2013)